Search results for " gases"

showing 10 items of 941 documents

Characterisation of the magmatic signature in gas emissions from Turrialba Volcano, Costa Rica

2014

The equilibrium composition of volcanic gases with their magma is often overprinted by interaction with a shallow hydrothermal system. Identifying the magmatic signature of volcanic gases is critical to relate their composition to properties of the magma (temperature, fO2, gas-melt segregation depth). We report measurements of the chemical composition and flux of the major gas species emitted from Turrialba Volcano during March 2013. Measurements were made of two vents in the summit region, one of which opened in 2010 and the other in 2012. We determined an average SO2 flux of 5.2 ± 1.9 kg s-1 using scanning ultraviolet spectroscopy, and molar proportions of H2O, CO2, SO2, HCl, CO and H2 ga…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesStratigraphyChemical compositionContinuous emissionSoil ScienceMineralogyVolcanoe010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesHydrothermal circulationVolcanic GasesHydrothermal systemFlux (metallurgy)lcsh:StratigraphyMagmatic signaturesGeochemistry and PetrologyUltraviolet spectroscopyeventGas compositionFourier transform infrared spectroscopyChemical compositionlcsh:QE640-6990105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface Processesevent.disaster_typegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorylcsh:QE1-996.5Fourier transform infrared spectrometryPaleontologyFourier transform infrared spectroscopyGeologyChemical signatureGas-sensing systemlcsh:GeologyGeophysicsVolcanoCarbon dioxideSulfur dioxide13. Climate actionEquilibrium compositionMagmaCarbon dioxide; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Sulfur dioxide; Ultraviolet spectroscopy; Volcanoes; Chemical compositions; Chemical signatures; Continuous emission; Equilibrium compositions; Fourier transform infrared spectrometry; Gas-sensing systems; Hydrothermal system; Magmatic signaturesGeology
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Self-dressing in classical and quantum electrodynamics

2003

A short review is presented of the theory of dressed states in nonrelativistic QED, encompassing fully and partially dressed states in atomic physics. This leads to the concept of the reconstruction of the cloud of virtual photons and of self-dressing. Finally some recent results on the classical counterpart of self-dressing are discussed and a comparison is made with the QED case. Attention is drawn to open problems and future lines of research are briefly outlined.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsbusiness.industryGeneral Physics and AstronomyVirtual particleCloud computingNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsquantum electrodynamicsPhysics::Atomic Physicsbusinessclassical self-dressingQuantum self-dressing
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Robust non-Markovianity in ultracold gases

2012

We study the effect of thermal fluctuations on a probe qubit interacting with a Bose-Einstein condensed (BEC) reservoir. The zero-temperature case was studied in [Haikka P et al 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 031602], where we proposed a method to probe the effects of dimensionality and scattering length of a BEC based on its behavior as an environment. Here we show that the sensitivity of the probe qubit is remarkably robust against thermal noise. We give an intuitive explanation for the thermal resilience, showing that it is due to the unique choice of the probe qubit architecture of our model.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesWork (thermodynamics)Quantum PhysicsCold Atoms Open Quantum System Markovian Master equations/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3107/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100/3104Thermal fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciencesScattering lengthPhysics and Astronomy(all)Condensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/3100Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanicsQubitThermalSensitivity (control systems)Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2600/2610Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Mathematical PhysicsCurse of dimensionality
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Quantum transport of single neutral atoms

2007

The state-selective (quantum) transport of single neutral atoms stored in a one dimensional optical lattice is a promising technique to implement controlled atomic interaction using coherent cold collisions. This is required in several schemes of quantum information processing. Here, we present a technical implementation of the quantum transport scheme for one, two and more caesium atoms, as well as the manipulation and detection of their internal states.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum opticsOptical latticeEnergetic neutral atom1s Slater-type functionchemistry.chemical_elementQuantum transportchemistryCaesiumAtom opticsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsQuantum2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference
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Bose-Einstein Condensation in an electro-pneumatically transformed quadrupole-Ioffe magnetic trap

2014

We report a novel approach for preparing a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of $^{87}$Rb atoms using electro-pneumatically driven transfer of atoms into a Quadrupole-Ioffe magnetic trap (QUIC Trap). More than 5$\times$$10^{8}$ atoms from a Magneto-optical trap are loaded into a spherical quadrupole trap and then these atoms are transferred into an Ioffe trap by moving the Ioffe coil towards the center of the quadrupole coil, thereby, changing the distance between quadrupole trap center and the Ioffe coil. The transfer efficiency is more than 80 \%. This approach is different from a conventional approach of loading the atoms into a QUIC trap wherein the spherical quadrupole trap is transformed…

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Condensed Matter::OtherCondensationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical scienceslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicsTrap (computing)lawElectromagnetic coilPhase spaceMagnetic trapQuadrupolePhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Bose–Einstein condensateEvaporative cooler
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Rotating quantum liquids crystallize

2006

Small crystallites form when finite quantal systems are set highly rotating. This crystallization is independent of the statistics of the particles, and occurs for both trapped bosons and fermions. The spin degree of freedom does not change the tendency for localization. In a highly rotating state, the strongly correlated bosonic and fermionic systems approach to that of classical particles.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyState (functional analysis)Fermionlaw.inventionCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronslawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)CrystalliteCrystallizationQuantumBosonSpin-½New Journal of Physics
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Nonlocal density correlations as a signature of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes

2008

We have used the analogy between gravitational systems and nonhomogeneous fluid flows to calculate the density-density correlation function of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of an acoustic black hole. The emission of correlated pairs of phonons by Hawking-like process results into a peculiar long-range density correlation. Quantitative estimations of the effect are provided for realistic experimental configurations.

PhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesBOSONSSonic black holeQuantum field theory in curved spacetimePhononAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBlack holeGravitationCorrelation function (statistical mechanics)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHIERARCHYQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsANALOGOUTPUT COUPLERSignature (topology)ATOM LASERHawking radiation
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One Alternation Can Be More Powerful Than Randomization in Small and Fast Two-Way Finite Automata

2013

We show a family of languages that can be recognized by a family of linear-size alternating one-way finite automata with one alternation but cannot be recognized by any family of polynomial-size bounded-error two-way probabilistic finite automata with the expected runtime bounded by a polynomial. In terms of finite automata complexity theory this means that neither 1Σ2 nor 1Π2 is contained in 2P2.

Discrete mathematicsNested wordDeterministic finite automatonContinuous spatial automatonAutomata theoryQuantum finite automataNondeterministic finite automatonω-automatonNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMobile automatonMathematics
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Pseudo-bosons and Riesz Bi-coherent States

2016

After a brief review on D-pseudo-bosons we introduce what we call Riesz bi-coherent states, which are pairs of states sharing with ordinary coherent states most of their features. In particular, they produce a resolution of the identity and they are eigenstates of two different annihilation operators which obey pseudo-bosonic commutation rules.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesIdentity (mathematics)Theoretical physicsAnnihilationRiesz representation theoremQuantum mechanicsCoherent statesCommutationEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematicsResolution (algebra)Boson
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Photonic Nambu-Goldstone bosons

2017

We study numerically the spatial dynamics of light in periodic square lattices in the presence of a Kerr term, emphasizing the peculiarities stemming from the nonlinearity. We find that, under rather general circumstances, the phase pattern of the stable ground state depends on the character of the nonlinearity: the phase is spatially uniform if it is defocusing whereas in the focusing case, it presents a chess board pattern, with a difference of $\pi$ between neighboring sites. We show that the lowest lying perturbative excitations can be described as perturbations of the phase and that finite-sized structures can act as tunable metawaveguides for them. The tuning is made by varying the in…

PhysicsPhase (waves)FOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)Òptica01 natural sciencesNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsSymmetry (physics)Square (algebra)Partícules (Física nuclear)010309 opticsNonlinear systemQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesGoldstone boson010306 general physicsGround stateCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesBosonPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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